Bakili muluzi biography 1980

President of Malawi from 1994 to 2004

Elson Bakili Muluzi (born 17 March 1943^[1]) is expert Malawian politician who was The man of Malawi from 1994 class 2004. He was also lead of the United Democratic Fa‡ade (UDF) until 2009. He succeeded Hastings Kamuzu Banda as Malawi's president.

He also served tutor in Banda's cabinet as minister bankrupt portfolio, before retiring in 1980.

Muluzi served as minister captivated secretary general of the Nyasaland Congress Party for years in a holding pattern he was dismissed for defiling MCP party funds.

Muluzi was the candidate of the correlation UDF in the May 1994 presidential election, the country's good cheer multiparty election.

He won loftiness election with 47% of class vote, defeating Malawi's leader by reason of independence, Hastings Kamuzu Banda. Thither was no provision for grand runoff election in Malawi, tolerable this was enough for him to end Banda's 33-year intend (dating back to when Nyasaland was still a British colony).

He was re-elected in June 1999, taking 52.4% of honesty vote and defeating challenger Gwanda Chakuamba who was the controller of the opposition movement.^[2] Family tree 2002 he proposed an alteration to Malawi's constitution that would have allowed him to race for a third term, however this was abandoned in honesty face of demonstrations against him, as well as vigorous antagonism from the legislature and courts.

After serving two terms, dirt therefore handed over power adjoin his successor after the Can 2004 election, in which UDF candidate Bingu wa Mutharika (who was handpicked and groomed descendant Muluzi) was elected to gain one`s end Muluzi as president.

Muluzi came to lead the UDF care for leaving the Banda government, put forward he became an advocate bring back democracy.

Muluzi's time as official was marred by controversy current scandal, particularly due to influence sale of Malawi's reserves condemn maize to other countries by and by before the onset of unembellished drought, which resulted in starvation throughout the country. Despite omnipresent pressure, the millions of pelf realized from the sale chuck out Malawi's food reserves have not in the least been turned over, and consumption is widely suspected that bill wound up in foreign business belonging to Muluzi and rule supporters.

Even with the interrogation and questionable dealings, Muluzi was a popular leader, particularly discern the southern part of probity country. He remained the governor of the UDF. After uncomplicated dispute with his successor reorganization president, Mutharika, the latter nautical port the UDF and formed dominion own party, the Democratic Continuous Party (DPP), in February 2005.^[3] In April 2005, Muluzi apologized to Malawians for choosing Mutharika as his successor "and majestic him on the country".^[4]

On July 27, 2006, Muluzi was on fraud and corruption charges;^[5] he was released on jeopardize later that day.

Hours rearguard his arrest, the chief examiner Gustav Kaliwo was suspended get by without President Mutharika;^[6] Director of Toggle Prosecutions Ishmael Wadi said let go had no choice but capable drop the charges. Muluzi was once more arrested on 26 February 2009 and initially full with 86 counts of subversion and abuse of office.

Honesty charges claimed that he locked away allegedly diverted 1.7 billion Nyasaland Kwacha (US$11m) of donor strapped into his personal account, bear out that came from, among remainder, the Republic of China, position Kingdom of Morocco and Libya.^[7]

As a former Commonwealth leader, Muluzi was invited by the Land Secretary-General to chair the Government Observer Group which observed primacy 2012 general election in Basutoland.

2009 presidential candidacy

In early Go on foot 2007, with many prominent people of the UDF calling supporter Muluzi to run for leader in 2009, the party vocal that he would have up in the air March 11 to declare willy-nilly he intended to run.^[8] Therefore, on that date Muluzi declared that he would seek authority party's nomination as its statesmanlike candidate.^[9] The question of of necessity Muluzi is eligible to scurry again has raised some wrangling.

Because the constitution refers give somebody no option but to a limit of two sequent terms, this could be reputed as enabling Muluzi to bang again after being out read office for a term.^[10]

The Lead of the Anti-Corruption Bureau (ACB), Alex Nampota, announced on Go by shanks`s pony 17, 2008, that the ACB intended to prosecute Muluzi inform allegedly diverting about 11 cardinal dollars of donor money turnoff his personal account; Nampota vocal that the ACB had freely the courts to lift nourish injunction that prevented it differ questioning Muluzi.

Kennedy Makwangwala, authority Secretary-General of the UDF, denounced this as "political persecution".^[11]

On Apr 24, 2008, a UDF assembly chose Muluzi as the party's 2009 presidential candidate. He conventional 1,950 votes against 38 confirm Vice-president Cassim Chilumpha.^[12]

On March 20, 2009, the Malawi Electoral Department passed a judgement to shaft Bakili Muluzi from running put the presidency for the tertiary time.

Muluzi challenged this, nevertheless on May 16, only four days before the election, authority Constitutional Court ruled that Muluzi could not run again.^[13] Get ahead of that point, Muluzi and description UDF had thrown their investment behind the candidacy of Closet Tembo, the president of primacy Malawi Congress Party (MCP).^[14]

Muluzi proclaimed on December 23, 2009, stroll he was retiring from dynamic politics and that Friday Jumbe was replacing him as UDF leader.^[15]

2008 arrest

After Mutharika formed illustriousness DPP in 2005, over 70 Members of Parliament joined say publicly DPP; the opposition, including rendering UDF, has sought to possess these MPs expelled from their seats for switching parties.

Pound May 2008, Mutharika said avoid Muluzi was trying to extract him from office by depriving the DPP MPs of their seats; to press its require for the removal of integrity DPP MPs, the opposition difficult to understand refused to debate any pronounce bills. Mutharika called Muluzi excellent "coward" and accused him custom treason.

Speaking on Joy Portable radio, a station he owns, state May 12, 2008, Muluzi denied any plot against Mutharika gain expressed exasperation with threats masquerade by Mutharika.^[16]

Eight prominent associates slant Muluzi were arrested shortly later on in connection with the described plot to overthrow Mutharika;^[17] arrive arrest warrant was also known for Muluzi, who was skull the United Kingdom at significance time^[18] on holiday.^[19] In union with the investigation into that alleged plot, police attempted delude search Muluzi's home on Could 14, but his guards obstructed them from entry.

According soft-soap an aide to Muluzi, Humphrey Mvula, the police said become absent-minded they wanted to remove instruments of war from the home, but Mvula said that these guns abstruse been issued by the constabulary themselves for Muluzi's protection. Impression the same day, Muluzi aforementioned on Joy Radio that sharp-tasting would return to Malawi foreigner the United Kingdom regardless grow mouldy the alleged plot.^[20] By Can 25, all but one doomed the eight arrested associates competition Muluzi had been released natural environment bail.^[17]

When Muluzi returned on Might 25, 2008, he was stoppage at the airport in Lilongwe.

Muluzi had planned to give orders a UDF rally upon realm arrival, and police surrounded interpretation stadium where the rally was to be held. Thousands pick up the check infuriated supporters of Muluzi clashed with the police and trackless roads following his arrest. Muluzi was promptly flown to Blantyre,^[17] placed under house arrest^[17][21] claim his home in Limbe, away Blantyre,^[21] and interrogated.^[17][21] His domicile was also searched by glory police.^[17][18] Muluzi was questioned fit in about two hours and was shown documents which purportedly consanguineous him to the alleged region.

Speaking on Joy Radio limitation May 27, Muluzi said ditch the documents were "laughable enjoin fake" and accused the create of attempting to "intimidate captain silence the opposition". His lawyers said on the same award that they would seek mortgage for Muluzi. According to work on lawyer, the only people permissible into Muluzi's home by magnanimity police were four lawyers very last a bodyguard, and he challenging been asked to name lineage members and lawyers who would be given permission to visit.^[21]

On May 29, Muluzi, who difficult to understand still not been charged, developed at the High Court close in Blantyre for his bail urge.

On his arrival, he proclaimed that the government was "useless". Fahad Assani, the head expend Muluzi's legal team, described interpretation arrest as "illegal and unconstitutional" and demanded his release raid house arrest. According to Assani, because more than 48 had passed and Muluzi difficult to understand not been charged, it was necessary for him to give somebody the job of released "without any conditions".

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Wezi Kayira, the director of public prosecutions, urged the court to decline the bail application, stressing mosey treason was "a very violent offence which carries a gigantic penalty"; he said that investigations were continuing and expressed disconcert that they "would be jeopardised and evidence tampered with". Kayira also requested that the have a stab impose "very strict conditions" provided it chose to grant bail.^[19]

Judge Joseph Manyumgwa granted Muluzi mortgage on May 30, saying consider it in the absence of circle charges against Muluzi he locked away to be released.

According confess Manyumgwa, Muluzi had the observable to bail regardless of "the gravity of the alleged offence". Kayira said the investigation was ongoing and that charges would follow.^[22]

Allegations of intimidation and 2009 legal charges

Speaking to Capital Ghetto-blaster on 22 February 2009, Muluzi accused the government of lodging intimidation against his presidential electioneering and warned that such administer could lead to "problems".^[23] Fine few days later, he was charged by the Anti-Corruption Authority with stealing 12 million press together of aid money; he arised before a court in City and was released on bail.^[24] He appeared in court reread on 12 March 2009 on the other hand failed to enter a cry on the 86 graft assessment against him.

Kalekeni Kaphale, fine lawyer for Muluzi, asked get to a delay, arguing that "this is the first time somebody has been charged with specified a volume of cases" unite Malawi and that, since picture defense had not seen high-mindedness charges until early March, replete needed "at least 14 epoch to study them to fine proper responses".^[25]

On 10 July 2014, Muluzi was appointed Special Kingdom Envoy to Swaziland, an go out with endorsed by the president conjure Malawi, Peter Mutharika.^[26]

Personal life

Muluzi was Malawi's first Muslim president.

Do something was married to Annie Chidzira Muluzi and then Patricia Shanil Muluzi while in office. Astern divorcing Annie Muluzi, he remarried Shanil Muluzi.^[27] His children comprise Austin Atupele Muluzi.^[27] He run through father-in-law to Angela Zachepa.

Muluzi's first born daughter, Esme Atweni Muluzi, died after being la-de-da by lightning on 12 Dec 2016.^[28]

Muluzi outlived his wives; Patricia Shanil Muluzi (known by confirmation as Shanil Dzimbiri) died coins 10 June 2024 in excellent plane crash, while Annie Chidzira Muluzi died in 2021 utterly to lung cancer.^[29]

References

External links