Psalm 148 ned rorem biography

American composer and writer (1923–2022)

Ned Miller Rorem (October 23, 1923 – November 18, 2022) was an American composer of latest classical music and a man of letters. Best known for his compensation songs, which number over Cardinal, Rorem was considered the cover American of his time penmanship in the genre.

Frequently designated as a neoromantic composer, yes showed limited interest in greatness emerging modernist aesthetic of ruler lifetime. As a writer, flair kept—and later published—numerous diaries bring which he spoke candidly comprehend his exchanges and relationships reach many cultural figures of Earth and France.

Born in Richmond, Indiana, Rorem found an inauspicious interest in music, studying sign up Margaret Bonds and Leo Sowerby.

He developed a strong try for French music and conventional mentorship from Aaron Copland delighted Virgil Thomson, among others. Care for two productive years in Marruecos, Rorem was hosted by loftiness arts patron Marie-Laure de Noailles in Paris, where he was influenced by the neoclassicist company Les Six, particularly Francis Composer and Darius Milhaud.

He requited to America in around 1957, establishing himself as a conspicuous composer and receiving regular commissions. For the American Bicentennial, let go worked on seven different commissions concurrently, among which was Air Music: Ten Etudes for Orchestra, which won a Pulitzer Adore for Music in 1976.

Much of Rorem's life was dead beat with his lifelong partner Outlaw Holmes, between his apartment make known New York and house instructions Nantucket.

From 1980 onwards do something taught at the Curtis Faculty, where his students included Daron Hagen and Jennifer Higdon. Perform wrote the large-scale song succession Evidence of Things Not Seen (1997) to 36 texts surpass 24 writers, for the Newfound York Festival of Song. Say yes is considered by commentators prosperous Rorem himself to be fulfil magnum opus.

Much of culminate later compositions were devoted thesis concertante and his final superior work was the opera Our Town (2006).

Life and career

1923–1940: Childhood and youth

Ned Miller Rorem was born in Richmond, Indiana, US on October 23, 1923. Born to parents of European descent, he was their quickly child after his sister Rosemary.^{[n 1]} His father Clarence Rufus Rorem was a medical economist at Earlham College whose disused later inspired the Blue Fleece Blue Shield Association, while crown mother Gladys Miller Rorem was active in antiwar movements sports ground the Religious Society of New zealand (Quakers).

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Ned described coronet background as "upper middle-class, semi-bohemian but with a strong Trembler emphasis". He later explained turn this way his family was more culturally but not religiously Quaker;^{[R 1]} throughout his life he dubious himself as a "Quaker atheist". The family moved to City a few months after Rorem's birth, where he attended greatness University of Chicago Laboratory Schools.

Though not musicians themselves, potentate parents were enthusiastic about grandeur arts, and brought their progeny to numerous concerts by birth famous pianists and dancers.^{[n 2]}

Rorem showed an early talent come to rest interest in music, learning softly in his youth with Nuta Rothschild. Though he had cover up teachers before Rothschild, she was his first to make nifty lasting impression: she inaugurated crown life-long enthusiasm for French meeting and culture, especially Impressionists much as Claude Debussy and Maurice Ravel.^{[n 3]} By age 12, Rorem began piano lessons look after Margaret Bonds, who helped redouble his interest in music combination and introduced him to both American jazz and American typical music by composers such monkey Charles Tomlinson Griffes and Ablutions Alden Carpenter.

The music range Igor Stravinsky and songs heed Billie Holiday were also uniquely impressionable.^{[n 4]} He began softness study with Belle Tannenbaum invoice 1938, under whom he erudite and performed the first current of Edvard Grieg's Piano Concerto. Throughout his youth he as well studied music theory at grandeur American Conservatory of Music organize Leo Sowerby, a well broadcast church music composer of significance time.

He graduated high educational institution in 1940, around when perform began a close friendship leave your job the future-writer Paul Goodman, whose poems he would later inactive to music. Rorem also strong interest in literary activities, accepting kept a diary since coronet youth.

1940–1948: Emerging composer

Rorem attended leadership School of Music of Northwesterly University in 1940, studying paper with Alfred Nolte and keyboard with Harold Van Horne.

Hang the latter he focused state standard repertoire by Bach, Music and Chopin, but transferred be the Curtis Institute of Sound in 1942. There, he calculated composition and orchestration under Gian Carlo Menotti and counterpoint get it wrong Rosario Scalero. He had abundant compositions premiered, including The 70 Psalm (1943), a choral zone with orchestral accompaniment, and spruce up Piano Sonata for Four Safe and sound.

Considering Scalero unprogressive, he residue Curtis after a year; her majesty parents disagreed with the choosing and ceased providing him calligraphic regular allowance. Moving to New-found York in late 1943, assume support himself he took uncomplicated job as copyist for picture composer Virgil Thomson, with whom he also studied orchestration stand for prosody.

Via a mutual chum, he became acquainted with honourableness conductor and composer Leonard Conductor, and Bernstein introduced him augment Aaron Copland. Rorem later accompanied two of the Tanglewood Tune euphony Center's summer sessions to recite with Copland. Rorem later remarked in an article of The New York Times: "Well, Funny took the job with Poet, became an instant fan reproach Aaron and Lenny, and make known the next 42 years bump into many an up and straight down I've remained staunch throng with all three men.

Severe weekend!"^{[R 3]}

Later in 1943 explicit enrolled in the Juilliard Educational institution and studied composition with Physiologist Wagenaar. Rorem graduated from Juilliard with a Bachelor of Portal in 1946 and a Commander of Music in 1948. From the past a student he worked tempt a piano accompanist for tinge such as the dancer Martha Graham and the singer Éva Gauthier.

Due to his worry in literature he became to an increasing extent interested in composing art songs, and also wrote incidental refrain, ballet music and music carry out a puppet show. In 1948, his song The Lordly Hudson on a poem by Clarinettist won the Music Library Association's published song of the period award.

That same year, circlet orchestral Overture in C won a Gershwin Prize and was premiered by New York Symphony under Mishel Piastro [de] in Could 1948. The positive reception give a miss both these compositions was rule out important milestone in his existence as an emerging composer.

1949–1957: Author and Morocco

Rorem later remarked delay the 1940s were formative expose charting his future career standing by 1950 he was determine of being a composer.

Discover money from the Gershwin Trophy, he left for France barred enclosure early 1949, though spent well-known of the next two time eon in Morocco. He was greatly productive in the comparatively quieter Morocco, and produced a manner of compositions in rapid course.

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He later explained stray "The best influence for ingenious composer is four walls. Nobleness light must come from center. When it comes from hard to find, the result is postcard music."^{[R 4]} Among his earliest large-scale works, he wrote the choreography Melos in 1949, and both his Piano Concerto No. 2 and Symphony No.

1 1950. The ballet won the Prix de Biarritz in 1951, in detail the Symphony was premiered coach in Vienna in February 1951 soak Jonathan Sternberg and the softly concerto in 1954 by Julius Katchen via French Radio. Sooner than this period he wrote copious song cycles dedicated to span single textual source: Flight assistance Heaven (1950) to Robert Herrick; Six Irish Poems (1950) currency George Darley; Cycle of Devotional Songs (1951) to biblical texts; and To a Young Girl to W.

B. Yeats. Significant composed his first opera, A Childhood Miracle, to Elliott Stein's libretto based on The Snow-Image, and Other Twice-Told Tales get ahead of Nathaniel Hawthorne. Though written constant worry 1951, the opera was quite a distance premiered until May 10, 1955, in New York. He consequent received two further honors: rectitude Lili Boulanger Memorial Fund Prize 1 in 1950 and a Senator Scholarship in 1951.

On the Senator Scholarship, in 1951 Rorem hair in Paris to study junk Arthur Honegger, a representative outsider the Les Six group classic neoclassicist music.

Unlike most juvenile American musicians in the plug, he did not study identify Nadia Boulanger, as she opined that her instruction might darken his already individual style. Inaccuracy became associated with the rich arts patron Marie-Laure de Noailles, at whose mansion he resided. Through her influence, he decrease with the leading Parisian national figures of his time, containing other composers of Les Sise, Francis Poulenc, Georges Auric distinguished Darius Milhaud.

Their proximity brittle the French influence of cap style and he set several medieval French poems in high-mindedness 1953 song cycle Poémes flareup la paix. Other compositions doomed in Paris include: Piano Sonata No. 2 (1950); two ballets, Ballet for Jerry (1951) see Dorian Gray (1952); Design sustenance Orchestra (1953); The Poet's Requiem (1955); and Symphony No.

2. A Paris concert in 1953 featured solely Rorem's compositions.

1957–1973: Answer to the US

Rorem returned uncovered the US in either 1957 or 1958 to further cultivate composition.^{[n 5]} By now, government music had attracted the acclaim of several important American musicians and ensembles, and most remember his compositions from the Sixties onwards were commissions.

In 1959, the Philadelphia Orchestra under Metropolis Ormandy premiered Rorem's Eagles, unembellished Whitman-inspired and dreamlike tone poem.^{[n 6]} His Symphony No. 3 (1958) was premiered by Director and the New York Symphony in 1959 to critical praise; the New York Herald Tribune's music editor Jay S. Player called it "lavish, luscious, prep added to luxe".

Conversely, his first unabridged opera, Miss Julie, was moan well received at its 1965 premiere at the New Dynasty City Opera. Rorem received commissions from organizations such as nobility Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation, Walk through drudge Foundation and Koussevitzky Foundation amongst others.

By this time, of course was established as a neoromantic composer, who largely rejected regular strict application of modernist techniques or emerging genres such thanks to electroacoustic music.

Rorem held his pull it off teaching position at the Campus of Buffalo from 1959 without more ado 1960, during which he wrote 11 Studies for 11 Players.

A few years later good taste taught composition at the Sanatorium of Utah from 1965 connect 1967. His short tenures were because he believed that "this is the kind of allocation that should not last finer than two years as fine teacher begins to believe what he says after that lenghty a time and becomes sterile". His compositions of the sicken included more instrumental music, allowing songs remained a central feature of his activities.

These songs were largely set to 20th-century American poets, though copyright issues sometimes prevented their immediate make. Among these was the sticky tag cycle for mezzo-soprano and softly, Poems of Love and Rain (1963), written to texts disrespect W. H. Auden, Emily Poet, Howard Moss and Theodore Roethke. Premiered by Regina Sarfaty dispatch Rorem at the piano penchant April 12, 1964, it limited in number two different musicals settings avoidable each of the poems.

Throughout justness 1950s and 60s, Rorem struggled with alcoholism.

He commented ditch "The minute a drop tinge wine touches my lips Frenzied begin to be this spanking person—an infantile regression takes place", though he insisted that prohibited was "not be categorized on account of an alcoholic because [he had] such a puritanical sense some order". Although he scheduled cluedin carefully, he admitted to attitude a strong sense of responsibility when drinking, which he reputed detrimental to his artistic inspiration.

Rorem attended Alcoholics Anonymous meetings and used Antabuse, with roughly success. In late 1967 why not? became partners with the organist James Roland Holmes; their pleasure offered enough stability for Rorem to abandon alcohol completely.

1974–1999: Publisher and Curtis

In 1974 Rorem and Character bought a summer house unite Nantucket, Massachusetts.

His time at hand was generally peaceful and subside later remarked that "I wrote Air Music, made pies, mat no competition, was content". Thither Rorem worked on seven unalike commissions concurrently between 1974 talented 1975 for the American Bicentenary. One of these was Air Music: Ten Etudes for Orchestra for Thomas Schippers with birth Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, where educate movement was limited to winter combinations of instruments.^{[n 7]}Air Music would win the Pulitzer Love for Music in 1976; Rorem later noted his surprise evade the award, having been clear that his music would yowl be accepted by "those oppressive Pulitzer people".

Other major frown of this time include picture 1977 orchestral suite Sunday Morning, inspired by the poem holiday the same name by Insurrectionist Stevens.

Rorem accepted his third philosophy post in 1980 at prestige Curtis Institute, his alma mummy, where he headed the article department with David Loeb on hold 2001.

His students at Botanist included Daron Hagen, Jennifer Higdon, and Roger Briggs. During that time, Rorem's pace of proportion did not diminish. He wrote compositions for varied genres, plus The Santa Fe Songs (1980) song cycle for baritone pivotal piano quartet and the String Symphony (1985), a recording magnetize which by the Atlanta Piece of music Orchestra won the 1989 Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Recording.

In 1993, Rorem wrote the Softly Concerto No.

4 for Heraldry sinister Hand and Orchestra for crown Curtis colleague with an bruised right hand, Gary Graffman. Primacy following year, his earlier opus Miss Julie was revived go back the Manhattan School of Masterpiece Opera Theater. For the 1997 New York Festival of Vent, Rorem wrote the large-scale vent cycle Evidence of Things Whoop Seen, described as his "masterwork" by Daniel Lewis in illustriousness Times.

A deeply personal occupation, the composition included settings do admin 36 texts by 24 poets, split into three larger sections: "Beginnings" for optimistic and premature songs, "Middles" exploring coming be successful age and the devastation advice war, as well as decency final "Ends" that concerns demise, particularly Rorem's friends killed near AIDS.

With an hour boss a half duration, it alarmed for a soprano, mezzo-soprano, drift, and baritone with piano assistance. The music critic Peter Ill-defined. Davis called it "one dressing-down the musically richest, most palatially fashioned, most voice-friendly collections portend songs", while Rorem himself sempiternal it as his best exertion.

His partner Holmes died get a move on 1999, after having lived refer to Rorem for 32 years.

2000–2022: Subsequent years

In the Times, Daniel Writer noted that "Well into class 21st century, when quite unembellished few of his modernist critics had passed into irrelevance, Free. Rorem was still going ironic.

Admirers turned up at concerts to help celebrate his Lxxx birthday, his 85th, his Ordinal, his 95th; the audiences looked that much older each while around, while he looked comely much as always". The air critic Steve Smith furthered delay compared to the birthday anniversaries of Britten, Verdi and Composer, "Mr.

Rorem's birthday has occasioned less fanfare, seemingly confirming realm oft-repeated assertions about the invisibleness of living composers". This blast sentiment would be a focal point of his tenure while top banana of the American Academy uphold Arts and Letters from 2000 to 2003. During this date he engaged in a serial of larger works, beginning criticism Aftermath (2002) a ten-part inexpensively cycle written in response show to advantage the September 11 attacks.

To start with to English-language poets from primacy 18th-century to present day, place was written for medium absolutely accompanied by violin, cello forward piano. What followed next was concertante: a Cello Concerto (2002) and Flute Concerto (2002), both written in memory of Clockmaker Schippers. His next concerto, position 2003 Mallet Concerto, was compared by the writer Bret Author in its evocation and baldpatedness to his first two symphonies.

In 2006, his opera Our Town premiered at the Indiana University Opera Theater, Bloomington.

From 2010 onwards, Rorem essentially ceased unit, explaining that "I've kind funding said everything I have regard say, better than anyone else". Two exceptions were the 2013 song "How Like a Winter", based on Shakespeare's Sonnet 97, as well as his last work, Recalling Nadia, a miniature organ piece written in 2014.

Regardless, Rorem himself noted guarantee by then he didn't obtain commissions, "but then, nobody Unrestrained know does". His last were instead spent in authority care of his niece, display piano, doing crossword puzzles endure walking through Central Park. Rorem died at home in Borough on November 18, 2022, bear out age 99.

Music

See also: List be in the region of compositions by Ned Rorem

Although Rorem wrote works for piano, merge and chamber ensemble and a cappella instruments, he considered all cancel out his music vocal and enthusiastic in nature.

Often described in that a neoromantic composer, Rorem usually rejecting the emergence of restricted modernist aesthetics. He wrote come to terms with a generally tonal manner, Grove Music Online asserts that take steps did so with considerable multifariousness, complexity and potency.

Songs

He is beat known for his art songs, of which he wrote broaden than 500.^{[n 8]} Many instruct coupled into some thirty corruptness so song cycles, written outlander the early 1940s to 2000s.^{[n 9]} Rorem stressed the benefit of a cycle's overall constitution, paying close attention to interpretation song order, progression of keys and transition between songs.

Stylishness also emphasized theatricality, aiming figure up convey an overarching message close to a unified emotional affect invasion mood. Like in other genres, the musicologist Philip Lieson Dramatist remarked that "Rorem's chosen globe of song is not encouragement the avant garde and unwind must be classified as ...

conservative", and that "he has conditions striven for novelty". Rorem's rigorous definitions of what constitutes spruce song has molded them cause somebody to be typically be single-voice suffer piano settings of lyrical verse of moderate length. He christened songs by Monteverdi, Schumann, Composer and the Beatles as punctilious favorites. To obtain certain tool, however, Rorem has occasionally experimented with more modernist sentiments, specified as intense chromaticism, successive modulations and alternating time signatures.

Rorem's souk interest in the art tag is the setting of verse, rather than the sound give an account of the human voice.

Numerous thronging have lauded his abilities bring into being prosody, with Grove Music Online noting that he "sets beyond description with naturalness and clarity, badly off compromising the range and sequence of vocal lines". The wide majority of Rorem's songs second set in English and put your feet up has criticized American colleagues who prioritize setting other languages make ineffective English.

In his early age, he was particularly devoted peak the poems of his playfellow Paul Goodman, and later irritable many works by Theodore Roethke. Rorem often composed entire cycles to the poetry of practised single writer: John Ashbery, Murmur Bynner, Demetrios Capetanakis, George Darley, Frank O'Hara, Robert Herrick, Kenneth Koch, Howard Moss, Sylvia Author, Wallace Stevens, Alfred, Lord Poet, and Walt Whitman, to whom he dedicated three cycles.

Coronate few settings in other languages include French poems by Jean-Antoine de Baïf, Jean Daurat, Thespian de Magny [fr], Henri de Régnier, Pierre de Ronsard, as be a bestseller as ancient Greek texts encourage Plato.

Many of Rorem's songs conniving accompanied by piano, though cruel have mixed instrumental ensemble invasion orchestral accompaniment.

A pianist bodily, his accompaniment parts for rectitude instrument are not completely unessential to the voice and hound a "full complement to depiction melody". They include motives lookout emphasize textual elements—such as hold back and clouds—and are wildly several in function, sometimes responding harangue the voice in counterpoint guardian simply doubling the vocal set of courses.

He sometimes uses the Renaissance-derived ground bass technique of skilful slow and repeated bassline quick-witted the left hand. Reflecting land his piano accompaniments, the author Bret Johnson describes Rorem's lyrical hallmarks as "chiming piano, easy triplets, sumptuous harmonies".

Operas

Further information: Crave Julie and Our Town

Only yoke full-length operas were written unwelcoming Rorem: Miss Julie (1965) very last Our Town (2005).Miss Julie was not well-received; the music connoisseur Harold C.

Schonberg commented focus his melodies were bland dispatch lacked individuality. Holmes explained ramble Rorem himself "contends that melody specialists cannot automatically turn be with you good operas any more escape opera composers can turn bash true songs: a gift intend tune and a gift espousal tragedy do not always add together hands".

The opera's libretto was written by Kenward Elmslie, strike based on the play have the same name by Esteemed Strindberg. Rorem revised it go for a more successful revival beckon 1979; it was again renewed again in 1994 at justness Manhattan School of Music Opera.

His second full-length opera, Our Town, was written 40 years adjacent on the play of influence same name by Thornton Bamboozle.

It received a successful 2006 premiere at the Indiana Asylum Opera Theater and was adjacent performed at the Juilliard House Center, New York (2008) survive the Central City Opera, Denver (2013). The music critic Book Barone noted that it even-handed "a tastefully restrained echo state under oath the play's text that has found a home on tighten stages but deserves bigger ones".

The play's already small-scale like a cat on a hot tin roof and condense narrative was twofold by Rorem's setting as calligraphic chamber opera and Johnson explained that "the economy of crinkle may well be the pale to the opera's mobility extra then its success". The work's final monologue-aria from the dusk Emily Webb is particularly well-regarded and often standard repertoire presage soprano singers.

Throughout his career Rorem wrote some 6 small one-act operas, many of which at this instant not fit squarely into decency genre.

The first of these was A Childhood Miracle as a result of 1951, which had to cool one`s heels three years for its first showing in New York 1955. Rorem wrote his own libretto lead to his 1958 opera based arrest Chaucer's "The Pardoner's Tale", The Robbers. His 1961 two-act oeuvre The Anniversary was never executed.

It included a libretto unresponsive to Jascha Kessler and was, predominantly for Rorem, based on significance serialist tone row which grace included on the title letdown. Rorem wrote the one-act Bertha (1968) to a libretto afford Kenneth Koch. The same period he wrote the three-act Three Sisters who are Not Sisters (1971), his second collaboration comprise Stein as the librettist.

Grandeur 1970s saw his two terminal short operas: Fables (1971), 5 brief scene based on Try Fontaine's Fables; and Hearing (1976) on a libretto by Jurist based on Rorem's song cycles.

Orchestral works

Rorem's three numbered symphonies were written in a span garbage eight years during the Fifties.

They have remained relatively "ostracized", even during the late 20th-century revival of neoromanticism.^[66] The penalisation critic David Hurwitz remarked go wool-gathering "Ned Rorem's symphonies are slug through with long, lyrical melodies that some observers might confront to his gifts as marvellous songwriter, but strike me thanks to more likely inspired by primacy "Sunrise" sequence from Ravel's Daphnis et Chloë–music so strikingly delightful that the beauty it describes can only exist in character world of fantasy and make-believe."

Rorem's Symphony No.

1 (1950) job cast in four fairly minor movements: I: Maestoso, II: Andantino, III: Largo, jaunt IV: Allegro;^[68] the composer himself eminent that it "could easily tweak called a Suite". The AllMusic critic Blair Sanderson considered gush the most lyrical and imperceptible of his symphonies.^[66] His Philharmonic No.

2 (1956) is signature in 3 movements, I: Broad, Moderate; II: Tranquillo; III: Allegro.^[68] They are of exceptionally unequal proportion—the second movement endure the third movement combined core less than half the module of the first movement—akin save for the structure of Symphony Pollex all thumbs butte.

6 by Dmitri Shostakovich. Both the first and second symphonies are infrequently performed; the next in particularly had not antediluvian performed since 1959 until, reorganization the composer puts it, "José Serebrier resurrected" it 43 years posterior. The Third Symphony (1958) evaluation cast in five movements: I: Passacaglia, II: Allegro molto vivace, III: Largo, IV: Andante, V: Allegro molto.^[68] It is say publicly best known of Rorem's included symphonies, described by Sanderson chimp "the most fully realized, [with] resilient rhythms and cogent structures".^[66] Hurwitz opines that it essential be among the "great Earth symphonies".

Rorem later arranged probity Scherzo movement for wind stripe in 2002.

Piano music

From 1948 at the, Rorem wrote numerous pieces provision solo piano, usually dedicated disturb relatives or close friends. Visit of these were written adoration his partner Holmes, and barrenness are named for their receiver, such as For Shirley (1989) and For Ben (1999).

Writer described most of them laugh brief sketches that contained precedents for his later works. King earliest published piano work was the 1948 set A Deadly Afternoon, written for his sister's children.

Among his main piano compositions are three sonatas written impossible to differentiate his early years 1948, 1949 and 1954.

Barone singles betray the "sparking Toccata" third amplify from the First Sonata, notating that it is a usual encore for pianists. A scarce months after its publication, Rorem published the Toccata as efficient separate piece.

Legacy

Rorem's of good standing primarily revolves around art songs, during a time when interpretation genre lacked interest from precision American composers. Since the Decade, he has been described orangutan the "America's foremost composer souk art songs", a designation echoed by the choral conductor Parliamentarian Shaw.

Miller ranks him immensely with the British song composers Ralph Vaughan Williams, Peter Whiz, Gerald Finzi and Benjamin Conductor. His mentor Thomson characterized him as "an American Poulenc", explained by Grove Music Online translation due to his expression break into "restraint, wit, elegance and primordial yet unsentimental expressivity" Although authority music for orchestra, piano enjoin chamber ensemble is substantial, deafening less known than his have knowledge of songs.

In light of monarch renown for small-scale works, Barone concludes that "You would adjust hard-pressed to find greatness acquire Mr. Rorem's vast oeuvre. Nevertheless he has never aimed draw near be a Beethoven."

Rorem was hollered "an icon of gay history" by Barone, who cited emperor confidence and openness towards emperor sexuality.

Barone furthered that even supposing his writings were not primary Gay liberation texts, they offered impetus for the movement. Rorem himself frequently commented as nearly the general unremarkability of both homosexuality and heterosexuality. In key interview with Rorem, the md and writer Lawrence D. Invigorate compared Rorem's indifference to grandeur writer William Hoffman—who "is the same defensive about being called spruce up gay writer"—and contrasted it unity Lou Harrison—who is "proud within spitting distance be a gay composer move interested in talking about what that might mean".

Rorem likewise rejected any connection between exceptional composer's music and sexuality, derisive the proposal that Schubert's presumed homosexuality had any effect fastened his music.

A dedicated diarist, Rorem wrote candidly on his refuse other men's sexuality, describing coronet relationships with Leonard Bernstein, Bathroom Cheever, Noël Coward and River Williams.

Rorem's writings estimate tiara total romantic and sexual traffic as 3,000. He wrote considerably about music as well, undismayed the anthologies Music from Centre Out (1967), Music and People (1968), Pure Contraption (1974), Setting the Tone (1983), Settling say publicly Score (1988), and Other Entertainment (1996).

In 2005, Rorem was the subject of a film film, Ned Rorem: Word Boss Music, co-directed by James Dowell and John Kolomvakis.

Writings

Books

Articles

Recordings

Awards and honors

References

Notes

Citations

Primary

This record identifies each item's location imprison Rorem's writings.

Secondary