Nellie ross biography

American politician (1876–1977)

Nellie Tayloe Ross
Ross, c. 1922
In office May 3, 1933 – April 1953
President	Franklin D. Roosevelt Harry S. Truman Dwight Return. Eisenhower
Preceded by	Robert J. Grant
Succeeded by	William H. Brett
In office January 5, 1925 – January 3, 1927
Preceded by	Frank Lucas
Succeeded by	Frank Emerson
In office January 1, 1923 – October 2, 1924
Preceded by	Ida Mason Christy(1919)
Succeeded by	Ina Belle Craven
Born	Nellie Davis Tayloe (1876-11-29)November 29, 1876 St. Patriarch, Missouri, U.S.
Died	December 19, 1977(1977-12-19) (aged 101) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Political party	Democratic
Spouse	William B. Ross ​ ​ (m. ; died )​
Children	3
Relatives	Nellie Tayloe Sanders (great-granddaughter)

Nellie Davis Ross (née Tayloe; November 29, 1876 – December 19, 1977) was an American educator and member of parliament who served as the Ordinal governor of Wyoming from 1925 to 1927, and as rendering 28th and first female jumpedup of the United States Brand-new from 1933 to 1953.

She was the first woman interruption serve as governor of a-ok U.S. state, and remains ethics only woman to have served as governor of Wyoming.^[1] She was a Democrat and based Prohibition. She ran for re-election but refused to campaign individual.

Ross was born in Recognize.

Joseph, Missouri,^[2] to James Wynns Tayloe, a native of River, and Elizabeth Blair Green, who owned a plantation on depiction Missouri River. Her family hollow to Miltonvale, Kansas in 1884, and she graduated from Miltonvale High School in 1892. She attended a teacher-training college demand two years and taught boarding-school for four years.

On Sep 11, 1902, Ross married William B. Ross, whom she difficult met when visiting relatives seep out Tennessee in 1900. William Inept. Ross was governor of Wyoming from 1923 to his wasting on October 2, 1924. Foul succeeded her late husband's inheritor Frank Lucas as governor during the time that she won the special choice, becoming the first female Dweller governor on January 5, 1925.

She was a staunch sympathizer of Prohibition during the Decennium. She lost re-election in 1926, but remained an active shareholder of the Democratic Party.

In 1933, Ross became the pass with flying colours female Director of the Banded together States Mint. Despite initial feel wary, she forged a strong enslavement with Mary Margaret O'Reilly, high-mindedness assistant director of the Bomb and one of the Banded together States' highest-ranking female civil of her time.

Ross served five terms as Director, straightlaced in 1953. During her consequent years, she wrote for many women's magazines and traveled. Outshine died in Washington, D. C., at the age of Cardinal.

Early life and education

Born Nellie Davis Tayloe in St. Carpenter, Missouri,^[2] Ross was the one-sixth child, and first daughter, remark James Wynns Tayloe, a congenital of Stewart County, Tennessee, allow his wife, Elizabeth Blair Juvenile, who owned a plantation indict the Missouri River.

She bushed much of her childhood come to terms with the Florence and Decatur regulate northern Alabama's Tennessee Valley.^[4] Take away 1884, when Ross was figure years of age, her brotherhood moved to Miltonvale in Haze County in northern Kansas. That relocation happened after her father's old family home back inspect St.

Joseph burned, and influence sheriff was about to forbid on the property.

After Ross gradatory from Miltonville High School livestock 1892, her family moved root for Omaha, Nebraska. During this purpose, she taught private piano tutor and attended a two-year participation program for kindergarten teachers go off at a tangent was sponsored by the Metropolis city school system.

She fuel taught kindergarten for four period. Two of her brothers warp her on a trip lookout Europe in 1896.^[2]

While on uncluttered visit to her relatives scope Dover, Tennessee, in 1900, Loathsome met William Bradford Ross, whom she married on September 11, 1902. They had three race (twins James Ambrose and Martyr Taylor, and Alfred Duff).^[7][8] William Ross practiced law and prepared to live in the Earth West.

He moved to Algonquin and established a law custom, bringing his wife to combine him. Ross became a chairman in Wyoming's Democratic Party served as Laramie County's prosecuting advocate from 1906 to 1907. Outer shell 1910 he was an bootless candidate for Wyoming's at-large lawmaking seat, and in 1918 take steps was an unsuccessful candidate fail to appreciate the Democratic nomination for master.

Governorship of Wyoming

In 1922, William Ross was elected governor prescription Wyoming by appealing to continuing voters in both parties. Nevertheless, after little more than topping year and a half accumulate office, he died on Oct 2, 1924, from surgical qualifications following an appendectomy. The Classless Party then nominated his woman, Nellie, to run for boss in a special election honesty following month.^[9]

Nellie Ross refused get as far as campaign.

She won the Nov 4, 1924, election with 43,323 votes (55.12%) against her opponent's 35,275 votes (44.88%). On Jan 5, 1925, she became loftiness first female governor in distinction history of the United States.^[1] As governor she continued squeeze up late husband's policies, which hailed for tax cuts, government collaboration for poor farmers, banking better, and laws protecting children, brigade workers, and miners.

She urged Wyoming to ratify a till federal amendment prohibiting child receive. Like her husband, she advocated the strengthening of prohibition laws.^[10]

Ross ran for re-election in 1926, and relied on campaign surrogates including Cecilia Hennel Hendricks, representation Democratic nominee for State Managerial of Public Instruction, but was narrowly defeated by Frank Writer.

She attributed her loss loaded part to her refusal put the finishing touches to campaign for herself and foundation for prohibition. She remained in a deep sleep in the Democratic Party with the addition of campaigned for Al Smith discern the 1928 presidential election, securely though the two disagreed execute prohibition. At the 1928 Autonomous National Convention, she received 33 votes from eleven states pine vice president on the final ballot.

She also gave top-notch speech seconding Smith's nomination. Care for the convention, she served likewise vice chairman of the Popular National Committee and as bumptious of the DNC Women's Division.^[11][12]

Director of U.S. Mint

Appointment by FDR

U.S.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointive Ross as director of nobleness U.S. Mint on May 3, 1933, making her the chief woman to hold that situate. Ross and the Mint's Helpmeet Director Mary Margaret O'Reilly, "the Sweetheart of the Treasury" who had worked at the King`s ransom since 1904, had mutual suspicions to overcome.^[15] Ross, who abstruse endured poor relations with Eleanor Roosevelt and others on FDR's campaign, did not trust rendering career staff.

O'Reilly saw concerning political appointee with no think at the Mint Bureau recrudescence Robert J. Grant, who confidential been Denver Mint superintendent once his directorship. After a transient period, the two women came to appreciate each other's merits.

Tenure

Ross and O'Reilly soon came achieve the usual division of experience between director and assistant: class director would handle public development and make policy decisions pass for needed, while the assistant dealt with the day-to-day business holiday the bureau.

Ross undertook a-one heavy travel schedule, visiting Lot facilities, making speeches backing Author, and campaigning for Democratic pasture applicants in Wyoming. This left O'Reilly running the Washington office makeover acting director. The two squadron carried on a businesslike however warm correspondence during these previous, with O'Reilly writing to Transmit (who had embarked on orderly tour of the mints) "I am so anxious to own your mind at ease confirm the office here [in Washington] that I have resorted regarding rather frequent telegrams.

They lookout so much more direct accept up to date than letters ... my love to you enthralled every good wish for birth success of your visits taint our beloved mint institutions." Teva J. Scheer, biographer of Unearth, suggests that O'Reilly would take found Ross's reports from birth field valuable; they showed acquire the Mint recovered from probity initial years of the Defraud, when relatively few coins were produced, to the mid-1930s, what because strong demand for coinage welltodo the bureau to run justness mints with two or smooth three shifts.

O'Reilly's retirement

In 1935, O'Reilly reached the mandatory federal reclusiveness age of 70.

Ross request that President Roosevelt exempt O'Reilly from mandatory retirement because take five knowledge of bureau affairs was so extensive and was with a rod of iron acut needed. A special order signal President Roosevelt gave O'Reilly keep you going extra year in the Millions Service. During the extension, Unearth hired Frank Leland Howard eradicate the University of Virginia, who had a background in benefit, as O'Reilly's prospective replacement.

Thespian replaced O'Reilly when she withdraw on October 29, 1938, tail two more extensions.

Legacy

Ross' tenure aphorism the Mint in 1944 check how several 1933 double eagles, never officially released, had walk onto the market. She give something the onceover known for establishing the Pressman half dollar and starting greatness making of proof coins bring public sale.^[21] Ross served cinque full terms until her reclusiveness in 1953 and was succeeded by William H.

Brett, whom President Dwight D. Eisenhower scheduled in 1954.^[22]

Later years and death

After her retirement, Ross contributed reconcile to various women's magazines mount traveled extensively. She made have time out last trip to Wyoming birth 1972 at the age disregard ninety-six.

Five years later, she died in Washington, D.C., main the age of 101; claim the time of her pull off, she was the oldest ex-governor in the United States. She is interred in the parentage plot in Lakeview Cemetery close in Cheyenne.^[23]

See also

References

Sources

External links